There are many factors to consider in evaluating a personal injury claim, so beware of any "formula" an adjuster may try to sell you. The value of your claim will depend on many factors such as:
Your doctors' and lawyers' interest in preserving their reputations may also influence the value of your claim. Pricing all these factors is complex, and one reason why you should consult with an attorney earlier rather than later in the negotiation process.
No. The insurance company will only settle if they can get rid of the entire claim. Desperate victims sometime settle for much less than they are should, simply because they don't have the money to pay for medical care out of their own pockets. The insurance company isn't there to see you're fairly paid. This is why you need a strong advocate such as a personal injury lawyer.
Most cases require the client to pay for costs, regardless of the outcome of the case. In some states, it's even considered unethical for attorneys to lend money to clients to help pay for litigation costs. There's the chance it may influence the attorney's ability to assess the case objectively and offer advice that's best for the client.
For instance, if the lawyer needs that money back quickly, he or she may urge a client to settle a case rather than taking it to trial, which will take more time but ultimately may bring a better result for the client. Also, remember that these costs are not to compensate the attorney, who gets paid for his or her time only if you recover money.